| EXAMPLES OF FUNDED PROJECTS |
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(1) An individual research grant to investigate basic mechanisms of primary pulmonary hypertension, a lethal disease that causes progressive obstruction of small pulmonary arteries. This grant has established a national registry of familial primary pulmonary hypertension that is providing the framework for linkage analysis and the molecular search for basic mechanisms of this disease. (2) A multi-project grant dealing with cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying acute and chronic asthma. The focus of this program is on the mechanisms causing asthma in humans. The work includes laboratory projects, animal research, and human studies. The work includes laboratory projects and animal research concentrated on the cellular pathways of the asthmatic inflammatory process, focused on the mast cell, a critical cell type in asthma. (3) A Specialized Center of Clinically Oriented Research (SCCOR) grant in Translational Research in Acute Lung Injury. This grant consists of several projects that combine basic and clinical research with the goal of improving the outcome of patients with Acute Lung Injury. The investigators are studying novel mechanisms and treatments for this syndrome. The grant includes a clinical trial of Activated Protein C, to inhibit coagulation and inflammation, a study to identify the role of transforming growth factor B1 as a mechanism underlying the disease and a novel study of genetic factors that might increase susceptibility in patients with severe pneumonia and acute lung injury. The program includes genetic, proteomic, and molecular biological approaches in addition to the clinical trial. (4) An individual National Research Service Award to study the effect of the interruptions in breathing during sleep caused by sleep apnea. The investigator will study the expression of genes in response to intermittent hypoxia and sustained hypoxia, which cause pulmonary vasoconstriction and systemic vasodilation. The research training and coursework received under the award will provide a foundation of skills the investigator will use to study the deleterious effect of intermittent hypoxia on the cardiopulmonary system. (5) A Small Business Technology Transfer Program for development of a Thermal HydroSeal (THS) system that will allow surgeons to seal air leaks that arise on the raw lung surface exposed during a lobectomy. Surgical resections, are common procedures in lung cancer patients. Postoperative air leakage at the parenchymal surfaces following lung resections, is a frequent complication which can result in extended hospital stays. The development of this device will be useful to pulmonary physicians, providing them with an effective system to seal air leaks, which should improve patient recovery and reduce hospital stays. |
| PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS |
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In fiscal year 2005, 1,235 research grants and 90 National Research Service Awards were made. The estimates for fiscal year 2006 are 1,241 research grants and 90 National Research Service Awards. The estimates for fiscal year 2007 are 1,247 research grants and 90 National Research Service Awards. In fiscal year 2005, for new and competing renewal awards: 5,255 grant applications were received, and of these, 1,235 were awarded; 282 National Research Service Award applications were received, and of these, 90 were awarded. Small Business Innovation Research Awards: In fiscal year 2005, 22 Phase I awards and 21 Phase II awards were made. |
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Lung Diseases Research
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Lung Diseases Research
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